A cancer diagnosis can make you feel small—and the world of care feel impossibly large. Understanding your options can bring that world within reach.
From established oncology treatments to integrative therapies, supportive care and emerging approaches used around the world, this library helps you understand the language of your options. Learn what to search, compare what clinics report and bring thoughtful questions to your oncologist. No guide can promise an outcome—but good information can help you feel less lost, more prepared and more hopeful about the next conversation.
Browse by purpose, search a name or abbreviation, or choose a letter. Open any guide to understand the approach and find clinics that report offering it.
Every treatment guide is listed here. Select any name to open its guide, or use the filters below to narrow the detailed cards.
Supportive symptom management
Acupuncture involves stimulation of selected points, usually with very thin needles. In cancer care, it is studied and used mainly for symptom management. It may help selected people with problems such as treatment-related nausea or certain types of pain. It…
Read the guideTargeted medicines that carry a drug payload to selected cancer cells
An antibody-drug conjugate links a laboratory-made antibody to an anticancer drug. The antibody recognizes a target on cancer cells and helps deliver the drug payload. Treatment choice depends on the cancer, biomarker expression, prior therapy, and the specific ADC; the…
Read the guideCreative support for expression, distress and wellbeing
Art and music therapy use creative activities within a therapeutic relationship to support people affected by cancer. Sessions may involve making images, listening to or creating music, or exploring experiences that are difficult to put into words. No artistic skill…
Read the guideEstablished diagnostic tool for selected treatment decisions
Biomarker testing looks for features of a cancer, such as gene changes or proteins, that may help guide treatment. Testing may use tumor tissue, blood or another sample, depending on the question being asked. It can identify an approved treatment…
Read the guideTargeted immune therapy for selected blood cancers and solid tumors
Bispecific antibodies are laboratory-made proteins designed to bind two targets. Some bring an immune cell close to a cancer cell; others block two cancer-related signals. The exact drug, target, cancer type, treatment line, and biomarker determine whether this treatment is…
Read the guideEstablished intensive treatment pathway for selected cancers
A blood stem cell transplant restores the cells that make blood after intensive cancer treatment. An autologous transplant uses the patient’s own collected cells; an allogeneic transplant uses cells from a donor. These procedures are used mainly for selected blood…
Read the guideSupportive care for anemia, low platelets, and treatment-related cytopenias
Cancer and treatment can lower red cells, platelets, or infection-fighting white cells. Support may include monitoring, transfusion of red cells or platelets, growth-factor medicines, infection precautions, treatment adjustments, and evaluation of bleeding, fatigue, fever, or breathlessness.
Read the guidePrevention and treatment of bone loss and complications from bone metastases
Cancer, bone metastases, hormonal therapy, steroids, chemotherapy, and radiation can weaken bone. Bone-health care may include fracture-risk assessment, bone-density testing, exercise and nutrition guidance, fall prevention, calcium or vitamin D review, and medicines such as bisphosphonates or denosumab when appropriate.
Read the guidePlant-derived products used as part of integrative or supportive care
Botanical medicine uses plants or plant-derived preparations, including herbs, extracts, teas and dietary supplements. Cancer centers and integrative clinicians may discuss these products for symptom support, nutrition planning or general wellbeing. The specific product, dose, formulation and timing matter because…
Read the guideEstablished localized radiation treatment
Brachytherapy places a radiation source in or close to a tumor using an applicator, catheter or small implant. Depending on the treatment plan, the source may be removed after a short period or remain as a permanent implant whose radiation…
Read the guideMultidisciplinary care for cancer-associated weight and muscle loss
Cancer cachexia is a complex syndrome involving loss of weight and muscle that can occur with cancer, particularly advanced disease. It is more than simply not eating enough and cannot usually be reversed by calories alone. Support involves the oncology…
Read the guideEducation, respite, and practical support for family and caregivers
Caregiver support helps family members and friends who provide transportation, medication help, communication, personal care, or emotional support. Services may include education, counseling, support groups, respite, social work, navigation, and planning for changing care needs.
Read the guideAssessment and practical treatment of persistent cancer-related tiredness
Cancer-related fatigue can feel more intense than ordinary tiredness and may not improve fully with sleep. Management starts with understanding its pattern and checking for contributing problems such as anemia, pain, poor sleep, reduced intake or emotional distress. A plan…
Read the guideIndividualized assessment and relief of cancer-related pain
Cancer pain management begins by identifying where pain comes from and how it affects sleep, movement and daily life. Pain may arise from cancer, treatment or a separate condition, and different causes need different approaches. A plan can combine medicines,…
Read the guideRestore or maintain function during and after cancer care
Cancer rehabilitation helps people regain or preserve abilities affected by cancer and its treatment. Goals may include walking safely, using an arm after surgery, managing weakness, returning to work or completing everyday tasks with less difficulty. A rehabilitation clinician assesses…
Read the guideEstablished cancer treatment
Cancer surgery removes a tumor or other tissue to treat disease, reduce its burden, or ease a problem caused by it. It is often central to care for a solid tumor in a defined area. An operation may be paired…
Read the guideFollow-up care after cancer treatment and during long-term survivorship
Survivorship care addresses follow-up testing, late and long-term effects, recurrence concerns, health maintenance, rehabilitation, emotional health, work, relationships, and coordination between oncology and primary care. It can begin before treatment ends and should reflect the person's diagnosis and treatments.
Read the guideLimited established applications; many personalized vaccines remain investigational
Cancer treatment vaccines aim to train an immune response against features of an existing cancer. They differ from preventive vaccines, such as HPV vaccination, which reduce the risk of certain cancers before they develop. An established treatment example is sipuleucel-T…
Read the guideSelected symptom-management uses; cancer-control benefit is unproven
Cannabis contains compounds called cannabinoids, including THC and CBD. People with cancer may ask about them for nausea, pain, appetite or sleep, but the evidence differs by symptom and product. Certain prescription cannabinoid medicines have a role in treating chemotherapy-related…
Read the guideEstablished cellular immunotherapy for selected leukemias, lymphomas and multiple myeloma
CAR T-cell therapy is a personalized cellular immunotherapy. A treatment center collects a patient’s T cells, a laboratory adds a chimeric antigen receptor that recognizes a target on cancer cells, the engineered cells are expanded, and the center returns them…
Read the guideEstablished for specific metal disorders; general anticancer detoxification is unproven
Chelation uses medicines that bind certain metals so the body can remove them. It has legitimate medical uses for specific, documented metal-related conditions under specialist supervision. Products marketed for home use and broad disease claims can be particularly misleading. Before…
Read the guideEstablished arterial treatment for selected tumors
Embolization uses a catheter to place material in blood vessels supplying a tumor, reducing its blood flow. In chemoembolization, chemotherapy is delivered with the embolizing treatment. These procedures are used in selected cancer settings, particularly liver tumors, and may have…
Read the guideEstablished cancer treatment
Chemotherapy uses medicines to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. Its purpose can be to cure a cancer, lower the chance of recurrence, control advanced disease, or relieve symptoms. The drugs, schedule, and expected benefit depend on the diagnosis…
Read the guideUnproven practice with documented serious harms
Coffee enemas introduce coffee into the rectum and are promoted in some alternative cancer or detoxification programs. They are not established cancer treatments, and the claim that they remove cancer-related toxins or improve liver function lacks supporting clinical evidence. A…
Read the guideEmotional, social and practical support through conversation
Counseling and support groups offer space to talk about the emotional and practical effects of cancer. Individual counseling can focus on personal concerns, while groups connect people with shared experiences such as a diagnosis, treatment stage or caring role. Meetings…
Read the guideEstablished local treatment in selected cancer settings
Cryoablation destroys tissue by freezing it through a probe or, for some surface lesions, by applying a freezing substance directly. Imaging can guide treatment of selected internal tumors and help the team monitor the freezing area. The approach is used…
Read the guideInvestigational supplement use; cancer-control benefit is unproven
Curcumin is one of the compounds found in turmeric. Concentrated supplements are different from using turmeric as a cooking spice, and products vary in formulation and absorption. Researchers have investigated curcumin for cancer-related symptoms and biological effects, but it is…
Read the guideLocal treatment combining electric pulses with chemotherapy
Electrochemotherapy applies brief electric pulses to a tumor after a chemotherapy drug is given, temporarily making cell membranes more permeable to the drug. It is mainly used in some countries for accessible skin or superficial tumors and differs from irreversible…
Read the guideTailored physical activity for strength, fatigue and function
Exercise oncology adapts physical activity to a person’s cancer diagnosis, treatment and abilities. A program may include walking or other aerobic movement, strengthening, balance work and flexibility, with the emphasis changing as health and energy change. The purpose is to…
Read the guideInvestigational nutrition strategy during cancer treatment
Fasting approaches range from limiting eating to certain hours to periods of substantial food restriction. A fasting-mimicking diet uses a specified reduced-food plan rather than complete abstinence. These methods are being studied during cancer treatment, but they are not established…
Read the guideProtect future reproductive options around cancer treatment
Fertility preservation explores ways to protect the possibility of having biological children when cancer treatment may affect reproductive organs or function. Depending on the person and treatment plan, options can include storing sperm, eggs, embryos or selected reproductive tissue. An…
Read the guideRisk assessment and testing for inherited cancer syndromes
Cancer genetic counseling reviews personal and family history, explains whether inherited-risk testing may help, and prepares patients for possible results. Testing for inherited variants in blood or saliva is different from tumor biomarker testing used to choose treatment, although the…
Read the guideRegional chemotherapy for selected cancers involving the liver
HAI delivers chemotherapy into the hepatic artery, often through an implanted pump, to expose liver tumors to a high local drug concentration. It is used by specialized multidisciplinary programs for selected colorectal liver metastases and some primary liver or bile-duct…
Read the guideFocal prostate-tissue ablation; breast-cancer use currently documented in clinical research
High-intensity focused ultrasound, or HIFU, concentrates ultrasound energy in a planned area to heat and destroy tissue without an incision. In prostate cancer, specialist centers use focal HIFU for selected localized disease after MRI and biopsy mapping. Breast-cancer HIFU is…
Read the guideNonthermal mechanical ablation of selected liver tumors
Histotripsy uses focused ultrasound pulses to create controlled acoustic cavitation that mechanically breaks down a planned volume of tissue. It does not use an incision, ionizing radiation, heat, or freezing. The FDA-authorized Edison system is used to identify, target, and…
Read the guideEstablished treatment for hormone-sensitive cancers
Hormone therapy changes the production or action of hormones that help certain cancers grow. It is used for hormone-sensitive breast and prostate cancers and in some other specific settings. Treatment may involve tablets, injections or surgery that reduces hormone production.…
Read the guideCoordinated comfort-focused care near the end of life
Hospice care provides coordinated support when the focus of care has shifted toward comfort near the end of life. It can include symptom treatment, nursing, practical equipment, emotional and spiritual support, and help for relatives. Care may be provided at…
Read the guideEstablished for selected medical indications; anticancer use is unproven
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy involves breathing oxygen inside a chamber at higher than ordinary atmospheric pressure. In cancer care, it may be considered for selected complications such as certain radiation-related tissue injuries. That supportive use is different from treating the cancer…
Read the guideHyperthermia uses controlled heat as part of cancer treatment. The term covers substantially different procedures, including local or regional heating and heated chemotherapy delivered into a body cavity. Evidence, equipment, and risks depend on the exact technique and cancer setting.…
Read the guideSpecialist regional chemotherapy for selected abdominal cancers
HIPEC delivers heated chemotherapy into the abdominal cavity, usually during an operation after visible tumor has been removed through cytoreductive surgery. It is considered for selected cancers involving the abdominal lining, called the peritoneum. HIPEC is different from whole-body hyperthermia…
Read the guideImaging used to verify and adjust radiation treatment position
IGRT uses imaging before or during radiation sessions to confirm the tumor and patient position. It can help account for daily setup differences and, in some settings, organ or tumor motion. IGRT is part of radiation delivery and is often…
Read the guideEstablished immunotherapy for selected cancer settings
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are medicines that release certain brakes on immune cells, helping the immune system recognize and attack cancer. They include drugs directed at pathways such as PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4. These medicines have established uses in several cancers,…
Read the guideEstablished treatment for selected cancers
Immunotherapy includes treatments that help the immune system recognize or attack cancer. Checkpoint inhibitors, certain cell therapies, and other immune-based medicines work in different ways. These are established options for selected cancers and situations, rather than a single treatment suitable…
Read the guideUnproven reduced-dose chemotherapy approach with hypoglycemia risk
Insulin potentiation therapy combines insulin with chemotherapy, typically using lower chemotherapy doses than a conventional regimen. Proponents claim insulin makes cancer cells take up more treatment. That premise has not been established as a reliable way to preserve cancer control…
Read the guideSupportive care alongside cancer treatment
Integrative oncology brings selected complementary approaches into coordinated cancer care. Its practical focus includes symptom relief, well-being, and support during and after treatment. Examples may include acupuncture, mindfulness, or adapted movement when appropriate to the person and symptom.
Read the guideConformal external-beam radiation used for many tumor sites
IMRT shapes and varies the intensity of radiation beams so a planned dose can conform to a tumor while limiting exposure to nearby tissues. It is a radiation-planning and delivery method used for many cancers, not a diagnosis-specific drug or…
Read the guideInvestigational anticancer use of an antimalarial medicine
Artesunate is a medicine derived from the artemisinin drug family and is used intravenously for severe malaria. Researchers have also investigated whether it could have a role against cancer. The established malaria indication does not demonstrate that cancer infusions are…
Read the guideClinical replacement has defined uses; wellness and anticancer claims require separate evidence
Intravenous nutrient therapy delivers selected substances directly into a vein. In medical care, an infusion may be appropriate to correct a specific deficiency, provide hydration or meet a defined supportive need. This guide covers mixed nutrient infusions; high-dose intravenous vitamin…
Read the guideInvestigational approach in cancer care
Intravenous vitamin C delivers vitamin C directly into a vein and produces higher blood concentrations than oral intake. Researchers have studied it alone and alongside cancer medicines, including possible effects on symptoms and treatment tolerance. It is not FDA-approved as…
Read the guideMedicine placed in the bladder for selected non-muscle-invasive cancers
Intravesical therapy places medicine directly into the bladder through a catheter. BCG is an immune treatment commonly used for selected non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers; intravesical chemotherapy and newer agents may be used in other settings. The choice depends on tumor grade,…
Read the guideRegional chemotherapy for selected melanoma or sarcoma in an arm or leg
Isolated limb perfusion and isolated limb infusion temporarily separate blood flow in an affected arm or leg so a high concentration of chemotherapy can treat tumors in that limb. The techniques differ in circulation method and intensity and are available…
Read the guideInvestigational dietary approach; not an established cancer treatment
A ketogenic diet sharply limits carbohydrate intake and changes the balance of fats and other nutrients so the body produces more ketones. Researchers are studying selected dietary approaches alongside cancer treatment, but a ketogenic diet has not been established as…
Read the guideUnproven cancer treatment with cyanide-poisoning risk
Laetrile and amygdalin are related products marketed as alternative cancer treatments. Amygdalin occurs in some fruit pits and other plants and can release cyanide in the body. The marketing name vitamin B17 is misleading: it is not an established vitamin…
Read the guideMinimally invasive laser ablation for selected brain lesions
LITT places a thin laser probe into a target and uses heat, commonly monitored with MRI temperature imaging, to destroy planned tissue. In oncology it is most often considered for selected primary or metastatic brain tumors, radiation necrosis, or lesions…
Read the guideOff-label investigational use; anticancer benefit is unproven
Low-dose naltrexone refers to using an opioid-blocking medicine in a regimen different from its established use for alcohol or opioid dependence. It is sometimes promoted for pain, inflammatory conditions or immune support, including in cancer programs. These are separate claims…
Read the guideSpecialist management of lymph-fluid swelling and function
Lymphedema is swelling caused by impaired lymph-fluid drainage, which can occur after some cancer treatments or because of cancer itself. Specialist therapy aims to control swelling, protect skin and make movement or daily activities easier. A plan may include fitted…
Read the guideProduct-specific adjunct research; commercial products are not interchangeable
Medicinal mushroom products include extracts and compounds from several species. They differ from each other and from mushrooms eaten as food. Some standardized products have been studied alongside conventional cancer treatment, while many retail blends make broader immune or anticancer…
Read the guideAttention-based support for distress and coping
Meditation and mindfulness are practices that train attention, sometimes using breathing, sounds or awareness of the present moment. Cancer programs may offer guided sessions or a structured mindfulness course to help people manage distress and relate differently to difficult thoughts…
Read the guidePossible sleep-related support; anticancer use remains unproven
Melatonin is a hormone involved in the body’s sleep–wake timing. Supplements are used for some sleep-related problems and are sometimes included in integrative cancer protocols. A sleep benefit and an anticancer benefit are different questions. Research has not established melatonin…
Read the guideUmbrella term; evaluate each component and cancer claim separately
Metabolic therapy is not one standardized cancer treatment. The term can describe legitimate research on cancer-cell metabolism, dietary experiments or commercial programs combining supplements, medicines and restrictive diets. Some programs also include detoxification practices. These approaches do not share a…
Read the guideEstablished local thermal treatment for selected tumors
Microwave ablation uses a thin antenna placed into a tumor to deliver energy that heats and destroys tissue. Ultrasound or CT helps guide placement and treatment planning. It is commonly considered for selected liver tumors, including some cancers that began…
Read the guideInvestigational complementary treatment; cancer-control benefit is unproven
Mistletoe therapy uses extracts of a plant that grows on trees. Some integrative cancer practices offer injections alongside conventional treatment, often with the aim of improving wellbeing or treatment tolerance. Preparations and routes differ, so findings about one extract cannot…
Read the guideTargeted or immune treatment used across many cancers
Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-made proteins that bind particular targets. Depending on the medicine, they may block a growth signal, mark cancer cells for immune attack, bring immune cells together with cancer cells, or carry a drug or radioactive payload. The…
Read the guideFocal ablation of selected prostate tissue, including use in localized intermediate-risk prostate cancer programs
NanoKnife is a device used for irreversible electroporation, or IRE. A clinician places needle electrodes around a planned target and delivers brief electrical pulses that disrupt cell membranes without relying on heat or freezing. In prostate care, the current U.S.…
Read the guidePrevention and treatment of nausea, vomiting and dehydration
Nausea and vomiting support helps prevent and control symptoms caused by cancer treatment or other medical problems. The oncology team may prescribe preventive medicines before treatment and additional medication for symptoms that break through. Eating strategies, hydration support and selected…
Read the guideSupportive care during and after cancer treatment
Nutrition support helps people meet changing food and fluid needs during cancer care. It may involve practical meal adjustments, treatment of eating difficulties, or specialist feeding support when needed. An oncology dietitian can adapt advice to symptoms, weight changes, the…
Read the guidePractical rehabilitation for independence and daily activities
Occupational therapy helps people manage everyday activities affected by cancer, such as dressing, preparing food, caring for family or returning to work. The therapist looks at the task, the person’s abilities and the home or work environment. Support may include…
Read the guideAdapted touch for comfort and short-term symptom support
Oncology massage adapts touch, pressure and positioning for a person affected by cancer. Sessions are usually intended to provide comfort, relaxation or help with selected symptoms rather than to treat the cancer. A therapist with oncology experience considers treatment history,…
Read the guideDevice-specific investigational approach; evidence depends on cancer and regimen
Oncothermia commonly refers to modulated electro-hyperthermia, a technique using radiofrequency energy and specialized equipment. It is one approach within a wider family of heat-based treatments. Its marketing language and proposed biological effects do not make it interchangeable with every established…
Read the guidePrevention and treatment of mouth, teeth, and jaw complications
Dental oncology care evaluates and manages oral health before, during, and after cancer treatment. It can reduce infection risk and address mouth sores, dry mouth, tooth decay, swallowing problems, jaw complications, and the effects of head-and-neck radiation, chemotherapy, transplant, or…
Read the guideEducation and support for colostomy, ileostomy, or urostomy
Ostomy care helps people prepare for and live with a surgically created opening that passes stool or urine into a pouch. Cancer-related ostomies may be temporary or permanent. Specialized nurses support pouch fitting, skin care, diet and hydration, travel, work,…
Read the guideUnproven cancer intervention with route-dependent safety risks
Ozone therapy is a broad label for procedures involving a highly reactive form of oxygen. Clinics may describe treating blood outside the body before returning it, or other forms of exposure. These procedures differ from prescribed oxygen and hyperbaric oxygen…
Read the guideSymptom relief and support alongside serious-illness care
Palliative care helps people with cancer manage symptoms, emotional strain and the practical effects of illness. It can begin at diagnosis and continue alongside treatment intended to cure or control cancer. A team may help with pain, nausea, breathlessness, difficult…
Read the guideEstablished receptor-targeted radiation for selected neuroendocrine tumors
PRRT attaches a radioactive substance to a molecule that binds to receptors on certain neuroendocrine tumor cells. The treatment travels through the bloodstream and delivers radiation where it binds. Lutetium-177 DOTATATE is an established example for selected somatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic…
Read the guideAssessment and symptom management for cancer-related nerve problems
Cancer and its treatments can cause numbness, tingling, burning pain, weakness, or balance problems, often in the hands and feet. Neuropathy management identifies possible causes, reduces injury risk, treats symptoms, and considers whether cancer treatment needs adjustment.
Read the guideEstablished local treatment for selected superficial or accessible lesions
Photodynamic therapy combines a light-sensitive medicine with a particular light source to damage abnormal cells. The medicine and light-delivery method depend on the treatment site. It is used for selected cancers and precancers on the skin or accessible tissue surfaces,…
Read the guideEvidence-based treatment selection using tumor and patient characteristics
Precision oncology uses information about the cancer and the person to guide treatment choices. Molecular tests may identify a drug target, a meaningful cancer subtype or a clinical trial. The approach includes proven biomarker-guided treatments but also research uses with…
Read the guideInvestigational regional chemotherapy for cancers spread in the abdomen
PIPAC delivers chemotherapy as a pressurized aerosol into the abdominal cavity during laparoscopy. Researchers are studying it for peritoneal metastases from ovarian, colorectal, stomach, pancreatic, and other cancers. It is different from HIPEC and standard intravenous chemotherapy.
Read the guideEstablished radiation technique for selected treatment plans
Proton therapy is external-beam radiation delivered using charged particles rather than X-rays. A treatment plan controls where much of the proton beam’s energy is deposited, which can reduce radiation exposure to some nearby tissues. It may be considered when protecting…
Read the guideSpecialist mental-health assessment and treatment in cancer care
Psycho-oncology addresses the psychological and emotional effects of cancer on patients and, in many services, relatives. A clinician may help with persistent anxiety, depression, fear of recurrence, adjustment to treatment or difficult decisions. Care can involve psychological therapy, coping strategies…
Read the guideEmerging nonthermal local ablation for selected soft-tissue and lung tumors, with some uses still being evaluated in clinical studies
Pulsed electric field ablation uses very short, high-voltage electrical pulses to damage cell membranes and destroy a planned area of soft tissue without relying primarily on heat or freezing. Cancer programs may deliver it through a needle placed through the…
Read the guideEstablished cancer treatment
Radiation therapy damages cancer-cell DNA using carefully planned radiation. It can treat a defined area, help reduce recurrence after surgery, or relieve symptoms such as pain. External-beam treatment, brachytherapy, and systemic radioactive medicines are different approaches with different uses. The…
Read the guideSystemic radiopharmaceutical treatment for selected thyroid cancers
Radioactive iodine uses iodine-131, taken by mouth, to deliver radiation to thyroid cells that absorb iodine. It may be used after thyroid surgery or for selected recurrent or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancers. It does not treat every thyroid cancer type.
Read the guideEstablished liver-directed radiation for selected tumors
Radioembolization delivers tiny radioactive particles through a catheter into arteries supplying a liver tumor. It is often called Y-90 treatment or selective internal radiation therapy. The aim is to concentrate radiation in selected liver tissue while limiting exposure elsewhere. A…
Read the guideEstablished local treatment for selected tumors
Radiofrequency ablation uses an image-guided probe and electrical energy to generate heat that destroys a planned area of tissue. It can treat selected tumors, including some in the liver, kidney or lung, and may also be used for pain from…
Read the guideTargeted systemic radiation with product-specific approved uses
Radioligand therapy combines a radioactive component with a targeting molecule that binds to a feature of cancer cells. It delivers radiation through the bloodstream rather than from an external beam. An established example is PSMA-directed lutetium treatment for selected advanced…
Read the guideDrug repurposing means investigating a medicine for a purpose different from the one for which it was originally developed. Cancer researchers study familiar medicines because existing knowledge may help identify new uses. Off-label prescribing also covers many different situations, from…
Read the guideAssessment and support for intimacy and sexual function
Sexual health support addresses changes in comfort, desire, arousal, sexual function and intimacy during or after cancer care. Problems may relate to surgery, hormone changes, medicines, pain, fatigue or emotional strain. A clinician can review the cause and discuss options…
Read the guideAssessment and treatment of disrupted sleep
Sleep support helps people address difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep or feeling rested during cancer care. Pain, worry, treatment schedules, medicines and other sleep disorders can all contribute. Assessment looks for these causes rather than assuming that every sleep problem…
Read the guideSpecialist support for communication and safe swallowing
Speech and swallowing therapy helps people whose communication, voice or ability to eat and drink has been affected by cancer or its treatment. A speech-language clinician assesses the specific difficulty and may recommend exercises, communication strategies or changes in how…
Read the guideEstablished focused radiation for selected tumors
SBRT delivers carefully targeted external radiation to a defined tumor, usually in fewer treatment sessions than conventional radiation schedules. Detailed imaging, positioning and motion management help concentrate treatment while limiting exposure to nearby organs. It can be used for selected…
Read the guideHighly focused radiation for selected brain and spine targets
Stereotactic radiosurgery is a precisely planned form of radiation, not an operation with an incision. It delivers one or a small number of high-dose treatments to a defined target, most often in the brain and sometimes the spine. Gamma Knife,…
Read the guideEngineered T-cell therapy for narrowly defined cancers and biomarkers
T-cell receptor therapy modifies a patient's T cells so they can recognize a specific cancer-related antigen. Unlike CAR T-cell therapy, TCR therapies recognize targets presented through HLA molecules, so eligibility can depend on both the tumor marker and the patient's…
Read the guideEstablished treatment for selected cancers and biomarkers
Targeted therapies act on particular proteins or biological processes involved in cancer growth. Some are tablets; others are infused medicines. A tumor's biomarkers can help identify whether a specific treatment may be useful, although a test does not always find…
Read the guideEvidence-based support to stop smoking or other tobacco use
Tobacco-cessation care combines practical counseling with approved medicines when appropriate. Support can begin at diagnosis, during treatment, or afterward. It is part of cancer care rather than a test of willpower, and repeated attempts are common.
Read the guideProstate tissue ablation; long-term comparative outcomes under study
TULSA-PRO uses ultrasound delivered through the urethra to heat and destroy a planned volume of prostate tissue. MRI images and temperature measurements guide treatment; a separate cooling device helps protect the adjacent rectum. For cancer, assessment concerns selected localized prostate…
Read the guidePersonalized cell therapy for selected advanced melanoma
TIL therapy collects immune cells that have entered a patient's tumor, expands selected cells in a laboratory, and returns them by infusion after preparative chemotherapy. It is an intensive, individualized treatment delivered by specialized cell-therapy programs rather than a simple…
Read the guideDevice-based treatment for selected brain, lung, and mesothelioma settings
Tumor Treating Fields use wearable arrays placed on the skin to deliver alternating electric fields to a tumor region. The treatment is used for specific diagnoses and is worn for many hours each day, usually alongside other cancer care. It…
Read the guideInvestigational systemic heating; distinct from local or regional hyperthermia
Whole-body hyperthermia raises core body temperature using specialized heating equipment. It is different from heating a particular tumor, a limb or chemotherapy circulated within an abdominal cavity. Researchers have studied systemic heating alongside other cancer treatments, but evidence for one…
Read the guideComplementary movement and relaxation for selected symptoms
Yoga combines elements such as movement, positioning, breathing and attention. An adapted class for people affected by cancer may use chairs, props or gentler movements so that participation fits current strength and mobility. Some people use it to help with…
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These guides organize publicly available and clinic-provided information. Services and availability can change, so confirm current details directly with the clinic.
